What is the first line treatment for Herpes Zoster (Shingles)?

The first line treatment for Herpes Zoster, commonly known as shingles, is the antiviral medications Acyclovir or Valacyclovir. These medications are effective in reducing the replication of the varicella-zoster virus, which causes the condition. By initiating this antiviral therapy early, typically within 72 hours of the rash onset, it can significantly help in decreasing the severity and duration of the symptoms, including pain and discomfort, and can also lower the risk of complications such as postherpetic neuralgia.

Antivirals work by inhibiting viral DNA synthesis, which is essential for the virus to multiply and spread within the body. This directly addresses the underlying viral infection rather than just alleviating symptoms. Acyclovir is the traditional option, while Valacyclovir is a prodrug that is converted to Acyclovir in the body, offering the convenience of less frequent dosing.

Other treatments, such as supportive care, hydration, and corticosteroids, may play a role in managing symptoms or associated complications but do not address the viral infection directly or effectively reduce its duration. Supportive care can help relieve pain and other symptoms, while corticosteroids may be used in certain cases to manage inflammation but are not considered a first-line therapy for treating the